A few short decades ago, the Communist Party USA did not exactly roll out the red carpet for the rainbow crowd. Quite the contrary. That’s why gay rights pioneers like Harry Hay once had troubled relationships with the CPUSA, which at one point considered homosexuality deviant. What changed?
Not blameless in this effort to redefine culture and sex is the Frankfurt School, an offshoot of Marxist-Leninist ideology that arose in Germany in the 1920s and 1930s and that has become enormously influential on American college campuses in the intervening decades. The pioneers of this movement were all about culture and sex and education. The founders of the Frankfurt School were neo-Marxists, a new kind of twentieth-century communist less interested in Marx’s ideas on class and economic redistribution than in remaking society through the eradication of traditional norms and institutions. They combined Marxist theory with psychology, sociology, and Freudian teachings on sex.
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